Table of Contents
- 1. Gabatarwa
- 2. Bayanin Fasahar Blockchain
- 3. Token Voting Mechanism
- 4. System Design
- 5. Fa'idodi da Kalubale
- 6. Binciken Fasaha
- 7. Experimental Results
- 8. Analytical Framework
- 9. Aikace-aikacen Gaba
- 10. References
1. Gabatarwa
Tsarin zaɓen karatu na al'ada yana fuskantar manyan ƙalubale, gami da cunkoson uwar garken, rashin bayyana gaskiya, da kuma batun adalci a lokutan kololuwar zaɓen karatu. Ƙaruwar adadin ɗalibai tare da ƙarancin ƙarfin uwar garken ya haifar da matsalar toshewa, wanda ke yin mummunan tasiri ga gogewar ilimi.
Fasahar Blockchain tana ba da mafita ta hanyar rage tsakani ta ikon littafin lissafi mai rarrabawa. Haɗa tsarin zaɓe ta hanyar alama yana ba da sabuwar hanya ga tsarin zaɓen karatu, yana ƙara bayyana gaskiya, aminci da inganci, tare da rage dogaro ga uwar garken mai tsaki.
2. Bayanin Fasahar Blockchain
Blockchain yana aiki azaman babban littafin lissafi na jama'a mara tsakiya wanda ya dogara da hanyar sadarwa ta peer-to-peer, yana tabbatar da cewa bayanai ba za a iya gurbata su ba ta hanyar amfani da fasahar ɓoyayye da tsarin sarkar lokaci.
2.1 Consensus Mechanism
Consensus algorithms such as Proof of Stake (PoS) and Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) enable course selection transactions to achieve distributed consensus without a central authority. In PoS, the probability of being selected as a validator can be expressed as: $P_i = \frac{S_i}{\sum_{j=1}^{n} S_j}$, where $S_i$ represents the stake of validator $i$.
2.2 Smart Contract
Self-executing contracts with predefined rules can automate the course selection process, ensuring transparency and tamper-resistance in both the voting process and result calculation.
3. Token Voting Mechanism
Token-based voting systems transform course selection into a democratic process, where students exercise voting rights corresponding to their token holdings.
3.1 Token Issuance and Distribution
Tokens are allocated based on academic performance, year of study, and program requirements. Distribution follows the formula: $T_i = B + A_i + Y_i$, where $T_i$ represents the total tokens for student $i$, $B$ denotes the base allocation, $A_i$ signifies academic performance rewards, and $Y_i$ indicates year-based allocation.
3.2 Voting Rules and Procedures
Dalibai suna rarraba tokens ga darussan da suke so a lokacin zaɓin karatu. Tsarin zaɓe na quadratic C = ∑_{i=1}^{n} √v_i (inda C ke nufin farashin kwas, v_i kuma adadin kuri'un ɗalibi i) yana hana manyan masu hannu da shuni, yana haɓaka rarraba darussan cikin adalci.
4. System Design
Tsarin da aka gabatar yana haɗa abubuwan more rayuwa na blockchain tare da tsarin bayanai na jami'a na yanzu.
4.1 System Architecture
Tsarin matakai uku ya ƙunshi Layer na wakilci (mu'amalar mai amfani), Layer na Aikace-aikace (Smart Contracts) da Layer na Blockchain (Rasidin da aka rarraba), yana tabbatar da ƙirar modular da haɓakawa.
4.2 User Roles and Permissions
Sarrafin Samun Damar Dangane da Matsayi yana ayyana izini ga ɗalibai, malamai, masu gudanarwa, da ma'aikatan tsarin, kuma yana aiwatar da rarrabuwar izini masu dacewa.
4.3 Tsarin Zaɓen Karatu
Tsarin Matakai Huɗu: Rarraba Token, Gwanjon Darussa, Ƙidaya Kuri'u da Sanar da Sakamako. Kowane mataki ana aiwatar da shi ta kwangilar wayo, yana da bayyannen gaskiya.
5. Fa'idodi da Kalubale
Advantages:Enhancing transparency through publicly verifiable transactions; improving fairness through token-based voting; increasing system resilience via decentralization; reducing server congestion.
Challenges:Iyakokin daɗaɗɗawar dandalin blockchain na yanzu; rashin tabbas na ƙa'idodi na rarrabuwar alama; cikas ga karɓar masu amfani; rikitaccen fasaha da masu amfani waɗanda ba ƙwararru ba ke fuskanta.
6. Binciken Fasaha
Fahimtar Cibiya
Wannan shawara ba kawai ingantaccen fasaha ba ne, har ma ta zama ginshiƙin sake tsara rarraba albarkatun ilimi. Marubutan sun yi nuni daidai cewa tsarin zaɓin kwasa-kwasan a halin yanzu a zahiri kasuwa ce da ta gaza, kuma tokenization na blockchain yana ba da hanyar ƙirƙirar ingantaccen tsarin rarrabawa, mai bayyananne. Duk da haka, sun yi kasa a gwiwa sosai wajen kimanta ɗimbin matakan ka'idoji da za a iya fuskanta yayin fitar da token ɗin da za a iya rarraba su a matsayin takaddun kuɗi a cikin yanayin ilimi.
Logical Context
Argument progresses from problem identification (system congestion) to technical solution (blockchain infrastructure), then to implementation mechanism (token voting). The logical chain is reasonable but lacks critical intermediate links—particularly the behavioral economics of students' actual course selection decisions, which differs significantly from financial voting systems.
Strengths and Weaknesses
Advantages:Quadratic voting mechanism elegantly prevents privileged students from dominating course selection mathematically. The decentralized architecture genuinely resolves single point of failure issues faced by traditional systems during peak enrollment periods.
Critical Defects:The paper treats token distribution as a technical issue rather than the profound ethical challenges it represents. Allocating tokens based on academic performance creates a Matthew Effect, potentially exacerbating educational inequality. While the energy consumption of blockchain systems has been improved through PoS, it remains problematic for institutions claiming sustainable development commitments.
Feasible Recommendations
Cibiyoyi yakamata su fara gwada wannan fasaha a cikin zaɓin darussan da ba na tsakiya ba. Mayar da hankali kan haɓaka mafita mai sauƙi na Layer 2 don magance matsalar ƙaruwa. Mafi mahimmanci, kafa tsarin ɗa'a na rarraba alama a fili kafin aiwatar da fasaha - tsarin rarraba zai ƙayyade ko wannan tsarin zai ƙara gaskatawa ko kuma kawai ya sarrafa dama ta atomatik.
7. Experimental Results
Gwajin kwaikwayo ya nuna, a cikin lokutan kololuwar zaɓen darussa, nauyin uwar garken ya ragu da kashi 67 cikin ɗari idan aka kwatanta da tsarin tarawa na al'ada. Tsarin zaɓen alama ya yi nasarar raba kashi 89 cikin ɗari na ɗalibai zuwa darussansu na farko uku, wanda ya haɓaka kashi 23 cikin ɗari fiye da tsarin na farko-shigo-farko-samu na al'ada.
The quadratic voting function effectively prevents token hoarding. The Gini coefficient for course allocation fairness was measured at 0.32, compared to 0.58 for traditional systems (lower values indicate more equitable distribution). After implementing the optimized consensus mechanism, transaction throughput reached 150 course selection operations per second.
8. Analytical Framework
Misalin hali: Rarraba darussa a jami'u
Yi la'akari da halin da ɗalibai 300 ke fafatawa don shiga darussan Machine Learning 30. Tsarin gargajiya yana haifar da cunkoso lokacin buɗe zaɓen, yana lalata uwar garken kuma yana ba da fa'ida ga ɗaliban da ke da haɗin Intanet mafi sauri.
A cikin tsarin zaɓe na alamar shaida:
- Kowane ɗalibi yana samun alamar shaida na asali + ladan nunin aiki
- Dalibai suna yin tayin alamar shaida ga darussan da suke so
- Aikin farashin zaɓe na biyu: Farashi = (Adadin takaddun shaida da aka taya)²
- Bayan lissafin farashin tsabtacewa, ana ba da kujerun darussa ga masu mafi girman tayi.
Wannan ya samar da tsarin nuna fifiko, ɗalibai ta hanyar raba token suna nuna ƙimar darasi, yayin da farashin quadratic yana hana kowane ɗalibi daya ya yi rigingimun darussa masu shahara da yawa.
9. Aikace-aikacen Gaba
Hanyar jefa ƙuri'a ta token za a iya faɗaɗa zuwa wajen zaɓin darussa don raba kuɗin bincike, gudanarwar malamai da sarrafa albarkatun harabar. Haɗe da sabbin fasahohi kamar tabbatar da sifili sani zai iya ƙarfafa kariyar sirri yayin riƙe da ikon duba.
Aikace-aikacen tsakanin cibiyoyi na iya samun sauyin kwas ɗin cibiyoyi masu zaman kansu ba tare da tsangwama ba ta daidaitaccen tsarin Token. Fasahar kuma tana nuna yuwuwar ga dandamalin darussan kan layi na buɗaɗiyen jama'a, yayin riƙe da ingancin ma'auni, don 'yantar da damar shiga darussan da ake buƙata.
10. References
- Nakamoto, S. (2008). Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System.
- Buterin, V. (2014). A Next-Generation Smart Contract and Decentralized Application Platform.
- Zhu, H., & Zhou, Z. Z. (2016). 区块链技术在股权众筹应用的分析与展望。2016年第二届信息管理国际会议(ICIM)。
- Turkanović, M., et al. (2018). EduCTX: A blockchain-based higher education credit platform. IEEE Access, 6, 5112-5127.
- Chen, G., et al. (2018). Exploring blockchain technology and its potential applications in education. Smart Learning Environments, 5(1), 1-10.
- Grech, A., & Camilleri, A. F. (2017). 教育中的区块链。欧盟出版物办公室。